Digital and PWM Outputs

# Give your pins easy-to-remember names
o2 = set_name("pump")

# ===== Plant watering timer =====

# This code block executes only once
setup:
    pump = set_output(pump)

# This code block executes forever
loop:
    pump = ON  # turn pump ON
    wait(2000)  # pause here for 2000 milliseconds before continuing
    pump = OFF  # turn pump OFF
    wait(10000)  # pause here for 10000 milliseconds before continuing

A digital output on a timer: the water pump named pump runs for 2 seconds, then rests for 10 seconds, again and again. The level doesn’t matter here, so plain ON and OFF are perfect.

# Give your pins easy-to-remember names
o1 = set_name("lamp")

# ===== Bright, medium, dim =====

# This code block executes only once
setup:
    lamp = set_output(led)

# This code block executes forever
loop:
    lamp = pwm(100)  # full brightness
    wait(1000)  # pause here for 1000 milliseconds before continuing
    lamp = pwm(50)  # half as bright
    wait(1000)  # pause here for 1000 milliseconds before continuing
    lamp = pwm(10)  # just a tiny glow
    wait(1000)  # pause here for 1000 milliseconds before continuing

Bright → medium → dim, again and again. Here the brightness matters, so we use pwm() instead of ON — and we wrote our own comments to say how bright each step is.

# Give your pins easy-to-remember names
i1 = set_name("slow_button")
i2 = set_name("fast_button")
o1 = set_name("fan")

# ===== Two-speed fan =====

# This code block executes only once
setup:
    slow_button = set_input(push_button, active_low)
    fast_button = set_input(push_button, active_low)
    fan = set_output(fan)

# This code block executes forever
loop:
    if fast_button == ON:  # when fast_button is ON
        fan = pwm(100)  # fast
    elif slow_button == ON:  # otherwise, when slow_button is ON
        fan = pwm(40)  # slow
    else:  # otherwise
        fan = OFF  # turn fan OFF

A two-speed fan: hold the fast button for pwm(100), the slow button for pwm(40), and let go to switch the fan off. The fast button is checked first, so it wins when both are pressed.

# Give your pins easy-to-remember names
o1 = set_name("lamp")

# ===== Sunrise lamp =====

# This code block executes only once
setup:
    lamp = set_output(led)
    for i in range(21):  # repeat the steps below 21 times, counting each time in i
        lamp = pwm(i * 5)  # 0, 5, 10 … 100
        wait(300)  # pause here for 300 milliseconds before continuing

# This code block executes forever
loop:
    lamp = ON  # turn lamp ON

A sunrise lamp: in setup the for loop runs 21 times, so i goes 0, 1, 2 … 20 and the brightness climbs 0, 5, 10 … 100 — about 6 seconds in all. Then loop keeps the lamp fully ON.